Month: June 2026

Psilocybin(P)     Norbaeocystin(N)    Baeocystin(B)    Aeruginascin(A)     Serotonin(S)  

2 methyls         no methyl   4-OH          1 methyl              3 methyls            no methyl  5-OH 

Although this post specifically lists the closest analogs simultaneously to psilocybin and serotonin, the vicious cycle (VC) applies to them as well.  The PBN Naturals mycelia, especially the B therein when dephosphorylated in the brain becomes an unidentical twin of serotonin.  Will it help serotonin perform its brain functions when needed among others in the rest of our body?  Thus, norbaeocystin with its phosphate removed becomes 4-hydroxytryptamine  that is practically a twin of 5-hydroxytryptamine (also called serotonin). 

In my last post of June 2, 2026, I again stressed the vicious cycle (VC) when using synthetic chemicals.  Unlike herbal medicines, they are brand new to our planet and all have inherently toxic effects because they have no long-term contact or interactions with humans.  The longest for synthetics is 150 years while for natural medicines it is countless years or, say, 150 millennia!   Nothing has been done with this twin since it was ‘born’ 60 years ago!

Despite our recent forebears’ invention of scientific tests to try synthetic drugs first on cells and animals, eventually clinical trials in humans, we still must go through the same trial-and-error process our ancient ancestors used in developing our traditional medicines.   Am I that wrong with my scientific thinking or is it that our system of healthcare is entrenched by greed?   Regardless, our modern drug-therapy process using synthetics which includes trial and error of traditional medicines is obviously NOT scientific; it is faux science.   But sensibly combining the two would resolve our current VC problems, especially if our country abandoned its failed capitalistic system to be more like the socio-political system of Canada or Scandinavia whose governments handle their people’s healthcare.  

Hence, in the USA, the VC is owned by drug and insurance companies.  They have all the incentives to keep it private and ongoing in perpetuity, as it has already been doing for several decades.  Which is why we have so many ill people and the world’s highest drug costs.   For years we have not been ranked among the world’s 30 or 40 healthiest nations, despite we are the richest and most scientifically advanced, both now debatable.   

Since rejoining the psilocybin movement six years ago, I have published many online posts, mostly on my work in psychedelics:   PBN = Psilocybin Baeocystin Norbaeocystin

However, from late 1967 to early 2020 when I rejoined the psychedelic space, I had not participated in any activities involving magic mushrooms for over fifty years.  But during the past six years, I have been trying to start a PBN Naturals Worldwide Consortium.   It is to afford completely natural fungal mycelial products at reasonable prices to fellow humans who suffer the illnesses and side effects caused by synthetic drugs.   Our Consortium will be for minimal profits because a nonprofit has too many restrictions for me to handle by myself.

After I completed my teaching assistantship, my advisor and mentor, Dr. Ara G. Paul, assigned me the Psilocybe project and secured a four-year Lilly Foundation fellowship for me. This allowed me to devote nearly all my time to research. I then spent more than a year analyzing tryptamines and indoles related to psilocybin and psilocin using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Today, high-performance TLC (HPTLC) is more common in America, but the basic operating principle is the same. A key feature of both TLC and HPTLC is the Rf value, which measures how far compounds in a mixture travel across the adsorbent on a plate as solvents carry them upward by capillary action. Among the 36 tryptamines and indoles I studied, psilocybin had the lowest Rf value in numerous solvent systems.  After I had begun analyzing extracts of Psilocybe species, I noticed Ps. baeocystis extracts consistently showed a smudgy unclean psilocybin band.   So, I did 2-demensional runs on them.  Which showed more than three extra spots next to psilocybin.  That has led me to the discovery of two new psilocybin analogs, that I named baeocystin (B) and norbaeocystin (B).  I suspect another analog is aeruginascin but I didn’t pursue it because it would have taken me another 6 months to finish my PhD.

B and N are the closest analogs simultaneously to psilocybin and serotonin.   Since 4- hydroxytryptamine (dephosphorylated N) is the un-identical twin of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), an important hormone and neurotransmitter present throughout our body, why has no one studied any of them, especially the twin?   I suspect one or both of the following two issues play a role:

1. The vicious cycle (VC) is a common element caused by synthetic drug therapy which I have been describing for years.  It is a goldmine for drug makers and their interdependent associates.  While they perpetually get filthy rich the rest of humanity get poorer and sicker.

I doubt I would have discovered the psilocybin analogs if I had not used the simple TLC for my analyses.    Just consider the fact that it has been almost 60 years since  I got my PhD from Michigan and published my work, no one has succeeded in growing Ps. baeocystis or any other psychedelic mushroom and produced mycelia that contained natural psilocybin and/or analog(s).     Considering I am never interested in making money by exploiting or restricting others, I’ve found it unusual to see so many ‘goldrush’ entrepreneurs after I rejoined the psychedelic movement only about six years ago.   One  particular group was first a non-profit organization getting free advice from well-known experts, but then went for-profit by themselves and got most of the moneyed investors.  They are all sticking to synthetic psychedelics and seem unaware of the VC.  If allowed to continue, Americans will continue to suffer from the toxic side effects and new disease inherent in the VC.   The only way to resolve this situation is to bypass the VC.  That is exactly what our Consortium plans to do.